Future photonic nodes must not only forward packets at high sppeds, but also deal with nontrivial issues such as scheduling support for differential services, heterogeneous link technologies, and backward compatibility with a wide range of packet formats and routing protocols. We are studying such a high-functionality photonic nodes for a robust and high-performance networks.
Optical Burst Switching
Wavelength division multiplexing has emerged as an important physical layer technology. Optical transmission provides a physical layer capable of carrying bits at the speed of the order of a gigabit per second. Optical burst switching is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of conventional WDM deployment, such as lack of fine bandwidth granularity in wavelength routing and electronic speed bottlenecks in SONET/SDH.
Photonic add/drop multiplexing (PADM)
There is the growing demand for high-bandwidth and differentiated data services. In optical data networkings optical add/drop multiplexrs (ADMs) will be key devices at access node.A wavelength add/drop multiplexer (WADM) ,which enables each wavelength to either add or drop and optically bypass the node electronics, can be exploited toreduce both the transfer delay and the number of electronic digital crossconnect switches and routers. However, WADM is of wavelength granuality, and it can only handle traffic on a wavelength path, and it is unable to handle traffic on a packet-by-packet basis. This may waste the wavelength resource as well as the bandwidth.
Photonic label ADM (PADM) of the finest data granuality of ADMs has been proposed, which equivalently acts as a conventional SONET ADM but at much higher bit rate in optical domain. It has a capability to individually perform add/drop multiplexingfor each optical packet on a single wavelength.
Photonic Packet Switching
In designing and implementing all-optical packet-switched network,
how contention is resolved has great effect on network performance.
In electrical routers contention is usually resolved by using
RAM(random access memory). In optical switch, we have to take different
apporoach because there is no ready-to-use optical RAM. Optical buffers must
be implemented with delay lines, which are fixed-length fibers. We are
studying the optimum technique for buffer architecture.